History
Bhutan's rich history spans over 4,000 years, with its origins tracing back to 2000 BC. However, historical records before the 8th century are scarce. In 746 AD, Guru Padmasambhava arrived in Bhutan and played a vital role in converting the King to Buddhism, which continues to shape Bhutanese culture today. For centuries, Bhutan developed in isolation, but in the 1770s, it caught the attention of Europeans. In 1907, the nation witnessed a significant event as Penlop Ugyen Wangchuck was elected as the first hereditary monarch of Bhutan, paving the way for modern Bhutan. Today, while still preserving its traditional roots, Bhutan is taking bold steps towards modernity by focusing on better standards in education, business, and civil service, thereby thriving and evolving in the 21st century.
Flora and Fauna
Bhutan is undoubtedly a horticulturalist's paradise, boasting of over 5,600 recorded plant species, which includes a staggering 60% of the common plant species found in the eastern Himalayas. The country also flaunts a rich variety of fauna, with snow leopards, red pandas, musk deer, and many other species dwelling in its vast terrain. In Bhutan, hunting and killing animals are strictly prohibited, and the people firmly believe in the concept of "lay ju dray," which asserts that what goes around comes around.
People
Bhutan is home to three major ethnic groups. The Bhutia are the largest and dominate the country's political life. Nepalese make up about one-third of the population and live in the south and southwest regions. The Sharchop, believed to be Bhutan's earliest inhabitants, live in the east and are related to hill tribes in Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. The people of Bhutan is also known for its warm hospitality and for their tranquil ambience.
Culture and Tradition of Bhutan
Bhutan is a culturally rich country with a population of about 700,000. The people are physically strong, independent, hospitable, and wear colorful dresses. Traditional arts, crafts, ceremonies, and festivals are still practiced as they were done hundreds of years ago. The state religion is Buddhism, which influences all aspects of the country's culture. There are hundreds of monasteries, stupas, and prayer flags that mark the countryside, providing a strong atmosphere for the teachings of their living faith.
